Loom



March 24, 11925.

W. S. WELLS LOOM Filed Aug. 31. 1925 1 2 Sheets-Sheet l Il' Ibn- .J

March 24, 1925. w. s. wELLs Loon med Aug. 31..

1923 2` Sheets-Sheet 2 1ML/Emol?, Nimm SNJeH,

A TTORNE Y Patented Mar. 24, 1925..

`WTIJIfIAIIlTS KXFHEILLSyOCF SOUTH BETHLEHEM, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR T0 BENJA]- V'IMIN EASTWOODUOMT'ANY; G-F :IEAIEBZSON, NEWJERSEY, A CORPORATION 0F JERSEY.

LOOM.

Application v-led August 31, 1923. ;Seria1No,..66Q,293.

To .all whom t may concern: Be itvknown that l, WILLIAM S. WELLS, .a `citizen of `the UnitedStates, residing at South Bethlehem, in the county of .Lehigh 4'5 and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful yImprovements .in Looms, of which the `'followingie a `specirication.

`The ypresent invention consistsin certain improvements in looms 4for weaving in which the reed is arranged to yieldrearwardly, the improvements havingffor their `objectto produce better weaving results to Lthe end thatgblemishes incident to theplacement ofthe fill-ing vwill bepractically absent fromthe woven goods; and to reliably cause stopping of the loom, in, case the `reed is caused to recedetoa predetermined extent due to .the presence .etwa-shuttle between it vandthe fellvotthegcloth when thereed is beating yup ythe filling.

y In 'the drawings,

Fig. l isa vertical Y`sectional view oit the front part of a loom embodying the im- `provements, the 4fhatten-inclu ding structure being back and the section beinfrin 1a plane close vto and-at the nearl side ot the nearer lay-sword;

Fig.- 2 is a Vertioalsectional View through '30 the batten and certain parts of the im proved-.mechanism in the' lane 2-2, Fig. 3;

Fig. 3 isa plan of the atten and theimproveniente; and 5 F ig. 4 1s apvertlcal sectionalvlew on line fromand hence forminga art ofthe rock.

ing structure constituted y'the knock-ofi' `shaft; e is'wthe'llay orbatten and f are the layswords adapted to -be rocked `backward and forward in the usualway'trom. ay suitl of the adj oining 4-4, Fig.-3 and showing the reed'and other parts in the positions theyassumewhen the lthe topsurface of the dagger-.is wipedjust i able going parte of the loom `(not Shown).

The layfswords are bent backward in ,the

g in which are set the lower ends of they-reed dents L vand alsoithe usual glass-bar z'jback of these dents; a pair of -brackets jfhaving angular seats jf at their lower ends'towhich the rail 4g is boltedyand a tubular reed Acap c in an underneath slot 7c i (,Fig. in which the top edge of the series of dentsjL (suitseries) is held, the reed cap bein secured.. to the brackets and the brackets eing arranged to swing on a vtransverse axis parallel with ythebatten l`as follows:

Each bracket j is bent-.at jz to conform substantially to .thebendforming portions lay-swords, and @its upper endhasa forward'earj3 arranged ina vertical plan and anfinward web j* which extends higher thanv the ear. TheearI jg :has

ay hole, to receive a bearingstud Z onlan angle. bracketm that is bolted to the adjoining layfsword. `Al stud-bolt m. is securedkto and projects `forward ,from the web j* and Aon this byanut ,d the tlat projection o of a plug 0, whichis brazed in the end ofthe reed cap, is secured. Thus the ra'ily, reedcapdents and brackets y' are ri idly united tofformnthereed structure, whie is adapted tok swing 'forward and back on the pivots Z. The webs i4 have bolted thereto the upstanding counterweights p. A

To the under side ofthe hatten are secured by screws fixed elon ated plates g each having at its rear en a depending stud Vgg and its forward end bent downward The studafords a `fulcrum -fora bell-.crank lever 1' having a forward short arm. Wand a laterally-.projecting long `arm andthe plug is a spiral spring u. VThe Ilong arm` r2 is connected by a link o with astud zu depending from the rail `g.

A-dagger fr ispivoted ,between-its. ends at` thennderside v,of the batten. In thenormal slight movements `of the reedv structure ably united attheir top ends to form said forward of a rearward slope mi thereof by a stud .1/ projecting downward from the mentioned rail g, which thus maintains the -point of the dagger elevated above the notched end portionv al of arm d, but if the reed structure is moved backward to an abnormal extent, as in Fig. 4, the dagger will fall into position to strikethe portion d of arm l on the next forward stroke of the batten, thus to cause .stopping of the loom by the rocking of the knock-olf shaft. When the reed structure is returned the parts y and aly by camming coaction return the dagger to norinal position. The reed structure is normally held by the toggle connection between it and the hatten, afforded by levers fr, springs u and links lv, bearing against the vertical face of al recess e cut in the back of the hatten; the forward pressurewhich the reed structure thus exerts may be varied by turning the screw plugs t. Each time the batten moves forward in the beating-up stroke, the reed structure on impact with the fell A of the cloth may yield rearwardly; the degree of resistance to such yielding, which of course is a factor in determining the density .of the linished fabric, depends on the adjustment of the screw plugs t. In this yielding (due to mere impact with the cloth) the reed structure does not recede so far as to cause the pivots (73) between lever arms r and stems s to pass the positions where they would be alined with said stems, and so when thebatten recedes the springs u return the reed structure into contact with the batten. If a shuttle should be left in the shed when the batten beats up its intervention between the reed and the fell A causes the reed structure to yield rearwardly to an abnormal extent e., from the dotted position in Fig. l to a position where pivot r3 passes a straight line between pivot g and the free end of member s) so that the springs u will .now be active to repress the reed structure from the dottedline to the full-line position in Fig. 4f, releasing the dagger, which falls and on the next beat-up stops the loom .as already stated. Y

Important and novel features of myinvention are the following: First, though the springs u are always active to turnlevers r (except when pivots r3 are alined with stems s), their pressure thereon is always substantially constant because whatever energy each sprinor gains by compression is offset by decreasec angularity of lever arm r with respect to stem s, and whatever the spring loses by distension is offset by increased angularity of the said lever armwith respect to the stem. In hatten structures `having reeds y yieldable against the resistance of a spring there was heretofore no provision for maintaining the resistance equable. Secondly, in my reed structure the mass represented by p p (above the fulcrum' a) constitutes an offset 0r counterbalance to the mass represented by the reed proper, herevthe part of the reed structure below the fulcrum; reed structures have y heretofore been constructed withoutany counterbalance to the inertia thereof so that not only had the spring to be strong enough to overcome the inertia of the reed structure at the backward limit of the battens stroke but atits forward limit two forces were active on the reed, i. e., that of the springI means tending normally to hold it forward or up to its work and that of its inertia. An object in constructing the reed to yield is'to allow it, by yielding, to compensate for conditions which would produce visible transverse blemishes in the fabric. My invention, on account of the reed beinosubject only to the force of a spring to hold it forward and to such force being always applied as a substantially constant one rather than one which increases as the reed structure recedes, makes it possible to weave with substantially complete absence of such blemishes. Thirdly, I employ a. spring toggle between the battenincludingY and reed structures whereby so long as the reed is pressed back within a certain limit the toggle will return it, but if it exceeds such limit it receives an impulse to move still further back, i. e., so as not to crowd the shuttle or other intervening obstruction against the fell A and incidentally cause stopping of the loom.

s designates a stop to limit the movement of each lever r and consequently of the reed structure to the full backward position.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as ynew and desire to secure by Letters Patent is: f

1. In combination, the back-and-forthmoving batteri-including structure of a loom, a reed movable back and forth therein, and movable means constituting a mass substantially equalto that of the reed and resisting the back and forth movement of the latter in said structure due to inertia.

2. In combination, the back-and-forthmoving batten-including structure of a loom, and a reedstructure fulcrumed therein on a horizontal axis and having the portions thereof above and below its axis forming substantially equal masses, one of said portions having the reed-proper.

3. In combination, the back-and-forthmoving hatten-including structureT of a loom, a reed-structure fulcrumed thereinon la horizontal axis and having the portions thereof above and below its axis Aforming substantially equal masses, one of said portions having the reed-proper, and means, onV said reed-structure being turned in the direction to displace said portion rearwardly, to return the reed structure.

4. In combination, the back-and-forth-` moving batten-including structure of a loom, a reed-structure movable backwardly therein, and means to oppose substantially constant resistance to the reed-structure when the same is subjected to a backwardly displacing force.

5. In combination, the back-and-forthmoving batten-including structure oli' a loom, a reed-structure movable backwardly therein, and means to oppose substantially constant resistance to the reed-structure when the same is subjected to a backwardly displacing force including a spring tensioned by said force.

6. In combination, the backend-forthmoving batten-including structure olf a loom, a reed-Structure movable backwardly therein, a lever ulcrumed in one structure and adapted to be moved by the other on its fulcrum when the reed structure is moved back, and a spring operatively engaged on the one hand with the lever eccentrically of its fulcrum and on the other hand with tensioned when the lever is so moved.

7 A loom including a back-and-orthmoving batten-including structure, a movable controlling member, a reed-structure yieldable backwardly in the first structure, and a dagger normally urged in the first structure into position to engage and actuate said member but held by the reed structure against such movement, said reed-structure on backward yielding being adapted to release the dagger, and the dagger and reedstructure having camming surfaces adapted to wipe on each other to return the dagger from said position when the reed-structure, having yielded backward, is returned.

8. In combination, the back-and-ortlimoving batten-including structure of a loom, a reed-structure movable backwardly therein, a lever operatively connected with each structure and a toggle spring connected to one structure and also connected to the lever eccentrically of the pivot by which the lever is connected to the latter structure.

In testimony whereof I aliX my signature.

WILLIAM S. WELLS, 

